Castles (1) : Guildford

Guildford Castle dates from not long after the Norman conquest. It was built by one of William the Conqueror's barons in the late 11th century as part of the King's efforts to strengthen his hold on the kingdom. Parts of the shell keep, the oldest part of the castle made of stone, still exist and date from the early 12th century (the original defences being made of wood). The keep itself, the most notable part of the remaining castle, was built in the 1130s.

The castle was used by the Norman Kings as a residence. Henry III turned it into a palace, the royal living apartments were greatly improved by him and moved from the keep to the bailey. The castle's defences were also improved though it was never attacked.

By the late 14th century the castle had fallen out of favour as a royal residence and went into decline. It was used as the county gaol for a while and then after was used for a number of purposes including a residence and for farming. It was sold to the Guildford Corporation in 1885 and opened as pleasure gardens. In latter years the castle has been preserved and parts of the keep have been restored.